In the last installment of Circuit VR, we walked around a simplified buck converter. The main simplification was using a constant PWM signal. The result is that the output voltage is a fixed fraction ...

In the first two parts of this article, the first two generations of triangle-wave generator loops were presented – the foundational concepts at the heart of function generator (FG) technology. This ...

Sawtooth- or exponential-ramp relaxation oscillators are common and generally easy to build. However sometimes a cleaner waveform is desired, and generators of even-symmetric waveforms are a bit more ...

This article is part of the Ideas for Design Series: Vol. 3, No. 7. This simple, robust, and low-cost signal generator, based on the LM386 power amplifier IC, provides a trio of audio-band signals ...