In ecology, competition is defined as a type of negative interaction that occurs when resources are in short supply. Intraspecific competition occurs when individuals of the same species compete for ...

ABSTRACT Under ideal market conditions, competition among producers of a commercial good can drive down prices. The market for pharmaceuticals, however, is inefficient in many ways, leading to rapid ...

Richard Meade was funded in 2021 by an industry body representing New Zealand electricity retailers to survey the economic literature on vertical integration versus vertical separation in electricity ...