BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that reflux of bile plays a part in the pathogenesis of Barrett's oesophagus. Bile injury to the gastric mucosa results in a “chemical” gastritis in which ...

The intestine and its immune system have evolved to meet the extraordinary task of maintaining tolerance to the largest, most complex and diverse microbial commensal habitat, while meticulously ...

Background Adenoma recurrence after polypectomy is a critical clinical concern, as it directly impacts the surveillance interval and the risk of developing interval colorectal cancer (CRC).

Introduction Azathioprine is frequently prescribed for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however there is considerable variation in how it is initiated. It remains common practice to ...

Oesophageal dilators or bougies have been used since the Middle Ages. Early bougies were made of natural materials and were used to disimpact food boluses by pushing them “blindly” into the stomach.

BACKGROUND K- ras mutation is one of the first genetic alterations in classical colorectal carcinogenesis. AIMS To investigate the role of K- ras mutations in carcinogenesis, in long standing ...