Background Allostatic load (AL) is the physiological burden of stress, and it is suggested to be a mediator between ...

Correspondence to Mr Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; senor_massao{at}hotmail.com Background Previous methods for assessing mediation ...

Correspondence to Dr S Hajat, Public & Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK; shakoor.hajat{at}lshtm.ac.uk Although rapid ...

Background No clear synthesis of evidence examining household and area-level social determinants of multimorbidity exists. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on ...

3 MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK Life course epidemiology may be conceptualised as “the study of long term effects on later health or disease risk of ...

Correspondence to Dr Yihua Xu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong ...

Correspondence to Dr T J C Polderman, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; jc.polderman{at}psy.vu.nl Background ...

Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Correspondence to: Professor I Kawachi Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington ...

Data from 10 years follow up of mortality in the OPCS Longitudinal Study are used to relate deaths of men in 1976-81 to their social class as recorded by the 1971 census. Explanations of social class ...

Background Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is generally high in high-income countries with school-based vaccination programmes; however, lower uptake in certain population subgroups ...

Objectives: To describe smoking trajectories from early adolescence into mid-life and to examine the effects of these trajectories on health and all-cause mortality. Methods: A nationally ...

4 Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Correspondence to Ms. Ann E M Liljas, UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, ...