Azelaic acid is great for hyperpigmentation, post inflammatory erythema, acne and rosacea but there’s a lot of confusion about how to incorporate it into your routine. 1. First off, azelaic acid can be used morning, night, or even morning and night. And if you use a serum like the Anua 10% azelaic acid then it’s going to be one of the first steps after washing. And you can apply it first or on top of other serums like vitamin C serum- just let each absorb for about a minute between serums. One r

Why perimenopause can worsen rosacea 1. Oestrogen volatility 👉🏻Falling and fluctuating oestrogen → impaired skin barrier, increased transepidermal water loss 👉🏻Loss of oestrogen’s vasoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects 👉🏻Increased neurovascular reactivity → flushing, burning, erythema 2. Vasomotor instability 👉🏻Hot flushes = repeated facial vasodilation 👉🏻This perpetuates persistent erythema and telangiectasia 3. Relative androgen excess 👉🏻Even without raised androgens, declini